International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology (ijerat) (E-ISSN 2454-6135) DOI: 10.31695/IJERAT
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat
<p><strong>International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology (IJERAT) </strong>with e-ISSN: 2454-6135, and DOI: 10.31695/IJERAT, is an international open access peer-reviewed monthly published engineering online journal with an aim to disseminate knowledge and provide visibility to quality research work to the international peer community. IJERAT aims to provide the best possible quality and reliable source of information on the recent developments in the field of applied research in engineering. The emphasis will be on publishing peer-reviewed quality research articles periodically and making them immediately open access to researchers worldwide.</p> <p>International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology (IJERAT) provides free of charge access to all published research papers on the website of the journal for open access and use under the creative commons license, meant for open access publishing practices.</p>Sretechjournal PublicationsenInternational Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology (ijerat) (E-ISSN 2454-6135) DOI: 10.31695/IJERAT2454-6135Analysis of the influence of Management Planning, Organizing, Actuating and Controlling on the Time Performance of Construction Implementation Tower Telecommunications
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/701
<p><em>The discovery of the phenomenon of delays in the Bakti Kominfo telecommunications tower construction project is a major problem that is currently being widely discussed by the public, just as researchers have found to occur in projects already run by PT. ABC consists of 51 village locations divided into regions (Sumatra, Kalimantan, Maluku). After conducting further analysis of the Detail Summary Sitelist PT. ABC with the construction of telecommunications towers in 51 village locations. As for the results of the site list analysis that has completed the construction stage with the final result achieved, it can be seen that 13 village locations were built faster with a maximum duration of 26 days than the target given by the client. Furthermore, the results of the site list analysis that have completed the construction stage with the final result Delayed can shows, 38 village locations have development delays with a maximum duration of -199 days from the target given by the client. There are average performance or productivity results of PT. ABC completed the construction of the target determined by the client in 60 days with average construction productivity results ranging from -50 days. It can be concluded that the performance productivity and implementation of management are carried out by the PT Resource Team. ABC is still not optimal and is considered late in completing the construction of the BTS tower. By conducting this research it is intended to find out the delay factors that most influence time performance, with elements of implementing POAC (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, and Controlling) management systematically and measurably.</em></p> <p> </p>
ArticlesTelecommunication TowerPlanningOrganizingActuating and ControllingSPSSMultiple Linear RegressionRIITengku Alfian RafsanjaniAgus SurosoMawardi Amin
Copyright (c) 2023 Tengku Alfian Rafsanjani, Agus Suroso, Mawardi Amin
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2023-12-232023-12-23142910.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.12.3Computer Vision Matcher for Extracting and Detection Objects
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/698
<p><em>The research examines the issue of feature matching and object recognition in two images with the use of brute-force matches. The suggested framework utilized several concurrent algorithms, including BRISK (Binary Robust Invariant Scalable key points), SURF (Speeded-Up Robust Features), ORB (Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF), and SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform), for descriptor extraction and feature detection. K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm in conjunction with the brute-force approach allows for feature matching. The robust Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) approach calculates the transformation between two successive images using the found matches. As a result, the RANSAC approach is used to enhance the removal of outliers. With the use of the OpenCV library, the suggested technique was developed and put into practice. Analyses of the speed at which it executes commands and the precision of the feature matching serve as proof of the system's quality and efficacy.</em></p>
ArticlesExtractionFeature detectionFeature matchingRobust Random Sample ConsensusIkhlas Watan GhindawiLamyaa Mohammed Kadhim
Copyright (c) 2023 Ikhlas Watan Ghindawi, Lamyaa Mohammed Kadhim
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2023-11-222023-11-221610.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.11.1Analysis of Building Information Modeling (BIM) 4D-5D Method to Minimize the Occurrence of Variation Orders in Design and Build Contract Models
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/697
<p><em>Reducing VO in the Design and Build contract model requires increased coordination, communication, and change management between the design team, project implementers, and service providers. This study aims to analyze the effect of BIM 4D and BIM 5D on the Order of Variations in the Design and Building contract model, as well as the effect of their combinations. This study examines the effectiveness of applying the 4D and 5D BIM methods to mitigate work changes in projects. Data was collected through questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS for Windows. The results showed that the BIM 4D variable had a significant effect on the use of Variation Order to reduce post-construction changes. The X1 BIM 4D coefficient (β1) is 0.937 indicating that an increase in X1 BIM 4D by 1 increases the Y1 Variation Order by 0.937. Regression analysis showed a tcount of 4.343 which is significant at the 0.05 level (p<0.05). The 5D BIM variable has a significant effect on Variation Order in reducing post-construction-growth changes. The coefficient value of β2 X2 BIM 5D is 0.120 and is positive, which means that every 1-time increase in X2 BIM 5D will increase Y1 Financial Performance by 0.120. The results of the regression analysis showed an F - count value of 3.764 and a significance of 0.041. The results of data processing show a Fcount value of 83.893 and a significance of 0.000. H0 and Ha are accepted. BIM 4D and BIM 5D have a significant effect on Variation Order as a tool for minimizing post-construction growth changes. The application of 4D and 5D BIM technologies helps mitigate construction project risks through simulating project steps, training project teams, visualizing changes/requests using BIM, and storing material specification information in BIM models. BIM technology reduces risks and increases the effectiveness of construction projects.</em></p>
ArticlesBIM 4D and 5DDesign and BuildVariation OrdersMulyoMawardi Amin
Copyright (c) 2023 Mulyo, Mawardi Amin
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2023-12-162023-12-1611310.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.12.2City Bus Inter-City and Inter-Provincial Traveller Safety Analysis in Jakarta until Solo Province
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/695
<p><em>Safety is one of the main goals in reducing and minimizing traffic accident victims. The factors that cause accidents are humans, vehicles, and the environment/nature. Buses, which have their own prestige, play a role in moving from the place of origin to the destination. This study is decisive in analyzing travel safety for bus users, especially on inter-city buses between provinces with the route Jakarta - Solo. The approach used in this research was quantitative by collecting data using a closed questionnaire which was distributed to 92 respondents using the Jakarta - Solo buses, observing and interviewing respondents using Inter-City Inter-Provincial (AKAP) buses traveling from Jakarta to Solo. The distribution of questionnaires was carried out at the Pondok Cabe Type A Terminal, where later the data was processed using Structural Equation Modeling or SEM. In this research, it was used as a data analysis technique with the SPSS and AMOS 24.00 programs to determine the determinants of safety behavior. Data processing resulting from the goodness of fit test output functions to process and analyze data that has statistical analysis capabilities as well as a data management system with a graphical environment. Apart from that, the benefit of testing AMOS SEM data is to see the relationship between variables simultaneously and take into account direct and indirect effects between variables and this test explains the significant influence on safety behavior. Implementation of a ramp check within the fleet departure time has an important factor in determining travel safety which originates from vehicle factors. Handling accidents in order to minimize casualties by checking and handling (maintaining) vehicles, getting adequate rest for drivers, providing adequate space and equipment if passengers have an accident, and the need to establish related agency skills by providing education to passengers and buses, as well as accident handlers.</em></p> <p> </p>
ArticlesBus userStructural equation modelingTravel safetyNatalia Reza KusumawatiNunung Widyaningsih
Copyright (c) 2023 Natalia Reza Kusumawati, Nunung Widyaningsih
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2023-10-152023-10-151810.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.10.1The Combined Effects of Intense THz Laser Field and Applied Electric Field on Binding Energy of Exciton in GaAs/ GaAlAs Finite Spherical Quantum Dot
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/693
<p>In this paper,we study the combined effects of intense THz laser field and electric field on the ground state binding energy of heavy hole excitons confined in GaAs/ GaAlAs spherical finite quantum dots. The formulation is based on the model of “laser dressed potential” which combines Coulomb interaction and field effect in only one potential as reported in the literature. The calculation is performed by using the variational method in the framework of the single band effective mass theory. Our results show that (i) The laser field increases the electron and hole confinement energy that form the exciton in the QD until they reach a maximum, then they become almost constant for a intense laser field., (ii)the electric field and the laser field lowers the binding energy for all quantum dot radii making the exciton stabilized and clustered near the center of the dot,iii)the laser field increases the spatial extention of exciton but the electric field deacreses it linearly.</p>
ArticlesBinding EnergyDressed PotentialExcitonElectric FieldLaser FieldQuantum DotVariational MethodJ.Diouri, A.OuadguiJ.KhamkhamiA. El Rhalami
Copyright (c) 2023 J.Diouri, A.Ouadgui, J.Khamkhami, A. El Rhalami
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2023-09-222023-09-221910.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.9.1Exploring the role of artificial intelligence in the advancement of e-governance
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/691
<p>E-governance is one of the applications of information and communication technology. Therefore, it represents the interaction of government, business, electronic employee, and citizen with each other, and these interactions produce homogeneous and heterogeneous databases. Heterogeneous databases are sloppy, unprocessed, and bulky. Dealing with and analyzing these types of data sets takes time, effort, cost, and a clear strategy for data analysis. The aim of this research is to find out the impact of artificial intelligence technology on improving the performance and productivity of organizations by automating processes and its effective role in improving services in e-government. The data entered into smart systems is generally classified into six types: a set of recorded data, a set of text data, images, audio, video clips and other data. This classification shows that each type of data set can be analyzed by appropriate mining techniques such as core data mining, text mining, image, audio and video data mining, etc. which helps identify the needs of citizens and services in the form of multimedia (text, image, audio, video, etc.). In this research, the virtual library was taken as a model for digital governance.</p>
ArticlesArtificial IntelligenceE-GovernanceDigital governance, Deep LearningNLPNeural NetworksIntisar SaadoonRasha Thamer ShaweFarah Neamah AbbasMuntaha shokah
Copyright (c) 2023 Intisar Saadoon, Rasha Thamer Shawe, Farah Neamah Abbas, Muntaha shokah
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2023-08-282023-08-28252910.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.8.4Improved Blowfish Algorithm for Text Encryption Using DNA and Linear Feedback Shift Registers (LFSR)
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/689
<p><em>The Blowfish algorithm is a popular way to protect information by scrambling it. It is known for being strong and fast. The strength and randomness of the encryption key are very important for the security of Blowfish. This paper suggests a new way to make the key generation process better in the Blowfish algorithm by using Linear Feedback Shift Registers (LFSRs) and DNA Algorithm. LFSRs are basic but effective machines that create sequences that look random but are not truly random. The DNA algorithm is used to make it harder for others to guess the correct key. To make the Blowfish algorithm better, we are combining the LFSR and DNA Algorithms in the key generation stage. This will make it more secure and efficient. The security of Blowfish greatly depends on how strong and random the encryption key is. It also explains the benefits and things to think about when using these methods. The paper includes experiments to test if this approach works well.</em></p>
ArticlesBlowfish AlgorithmDNA AlgorithmEncryption,Linear Feedback Shift RegistersSecurityComputers and InformaticsRaghda Sattar JabbarIsraa Shihab Ahmed Saadi Mohammed Saadi
Copyright (c) 2023 Raghda Sattar Jabbar, Israa Shihab Ahmed , Saadi Mohammed Saadi
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2023-08-112023-08-1111010.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.8.1 Comparison and Analysis of Wireless Sensor Networks Routing Protocols
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/688
<p><em>In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), the data transmission might be specified as a major challenge. Various protocols of routing were suggested for saving energy throughout the transmission of data in WSNs. The protocols of routing which are on the basis of data centric method were adequate in such regard which are performing data’s in-network aggregations for yielding energy- saving data disseminations, such sensor nodes have a few of limitations because of their limited, computing power, storage capacity, and limited energy. The data have been routed between nodes with the use of various routing protocols. In addition, there are a few routing protocols for WSNs, all such protocols attempted on eliminating a few of such limitations. In this paper, a comparison and analysis is presented for Wireless Sensor Networks Routing Protocols according to estimated time.</em></p>
ArticlesImplosionRouting protocolsSPINWireless Sensor networks Salam Ayad Hussein
Copyright (c) 2023 Salam Ayad Hussein
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2023-08-162023-08-16111510.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.8.2Lean Six Sigma Implementation to Reduce Rubber Sole Waste in the Manufacturing Company
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/687
<p><em>This study aim to research about the waste of rubber sole in the one of the rubber sole company in Tangerang. The company has a problem due to the amount of rubber sole waste is 5.5% over the company's standard, namely max.3.0%. There are 5 (five) largest type of rubber sole defect. They are dents, contamination, colour bleeding, lack of material and bubbles. To find out the factors that cause defects and how to provide suggestions for improvements to the problem. This research using the Lean Six Sigma method with the DMAIC approach (define, measure, action, improve, control). Furthermore, to find out the root cause of the problem will be using fishbone diagram tool and proposed improvements using the 5W+1H and FMEA. The purpose of the research is to find out the factors that cause of rubber sole waste over than company standards. The results of the research after making some improvements using 5W+1H and FMEA. The waste of the rubber sole to be 1.1%. </em></p> <p> </p>
ArticlesDefine, Measure, Action, Improve, Control ( DMAIC)QualityRubber SoleSix SigmaWasteMeike Elsye BeatrixHayu Kartika
Copyright (c) 2023 Meike Elsye Beatrix
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2023-08-192023-08-19162410.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.8.3Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) Implementation to Improve Machine Efficiency
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/685
<p><em>The company focuses on producing quality products by implementing the Toyota Production System, known as TPS. The current constraint is the absence of maintenance on the Leak Test, thereby reducing production profits caused by high engine damage. This also causes the average repair time for the Leak Test Model 4L45W engine to be above the repair target set by the company, where the company targets an average repair time per month of 12 minutes. For this reason, corrective steps are needed so that the production process runs smoothly according to operational standards. This step involves proposing the implementation of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). It is known that the average Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) Leak Test machine in June–August was 60.09%. The Japan Institute of Plant Maintenance (JIPM) stipulates that if the OEE value is equal to 60%, it indicates that there is a lot of room for improvement. After implementing Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) on the Leak Test in September, the OEE value rose to 94.33%, and the average monthly repair time met the company's target of 9.2 minutes. This greatly affects the cost of production due to lower production costs due to overtime. This indicates improvement, and the first step in the proposed implementation of the Total Productive Maintenance Machine Leak Test model 4L45W is said to be successful.</em></p>
ArticlesEquipment EffectivenessMean time to RepairProductive MaintenanceToyota Production SystemNovera Elisa TrianaSakti Aji Lesmana
Copyright (c) 2023 Novera Elisa Triana, Sakti Aji Lesmana
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2023-07-222023-07-2211310.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.7.1Production Scheduling Model and Machine Assignment to Automotive Parts Manufacturing for Optimum Production
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/684
<p><em>PT. XYZ is a company engaged in the field of Automotive Parts Manufacturer. In carrying out its production this company uses make-to-order. The company carries out simple planning and scheduling, namely FCFS (First Come First Serve). The company has a problem, namely, there is no production scheduling with the appropriate machine assignment. This causes the company sometimes to experience delays in completing the product. This study aims to overcome scheduling problems in companies to minimize order completion time (makespan). The method used in this study is the Heuristic Pour method, namely the development of a new heuristic algorithm in completing flow shop scheduling to minimize makespan based on a combination approach and Genetic Algorithm which will be assisted with the help of MATLAB R2016a software which is a computational algorithm commonly used to solve a search for values in an optimization problem. Based on the data processing that has been done, the results of production scheduling are obtained using the Heuristic Pour method in the order Job 4 (J4) - Job 2 (J2) - Job 7 (J7) - Job 6 (J6) - Job 5 (J5) - Job 3 (J3) ) - Job 1 (J1) gets a makespan of 19440 minutes or equal to 16 working days with a total delay of 1 working day. While production scheduling with the selected Genetic Algorithm method gets the order Job 4 (J4) - Job 2 (J2) - Job 7 (J7) - Job 6 (J6) - Job 3 (J3) - Job 1 (J1) - Job 5 ( J5) with the best makespan of 18660 minutes or 15 days, and there was no delay in completing requests. The company is expected to consider or review the use of the appropriate production scheduling method because it can provide a more optimum demand completion time (makespan), so the company can reduce delays in fulfilling customer requests.</em></p>
ArticlesGenetic AlgorithmHeuristic PourMachine AssignmentProduction SchedulingRirin Regiana Dwi SatyaDefi NoritaAndary Asvaroza MunitaAsep Endih Nurhidayat
Copyright (c) 2023 Ririn Regiana Dwi Satya, Defi Norita, Andary Asvaroza Munita, Asep Endih Nurhidayat
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2023-07-312023-07-31203410.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.7.3Using Image Processing to Performing Biometric Authentication Applied on Microcomputer Based Hand-Wrist Vein Patterns
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/683
<p><em>A kind of biometric recognition called vein identification systems uses vascular architecture to identify people. One of these approaches is identification based on hand-wrist vein pattern. Hand-wrist vein pictures acquired from persons utilizing an infrared light source with a wavelength of 850 nm were segmented in this research by running them through several image processing techniques. The scale-independent feature transformation (SURF) approach was used to extract critical points from segmented pictures. The SURF approach produces characteristics such as rotation, camera angle, ambient light intensity, and so on. This strategy has been chosen since it is unaffected by circumstances. During the identification procedure, the retrieved key points were utilized to calculate the Euclidean distance. The accuracy rate was judged to be 97% as a consequence of the matching operations employing the database's hand-wrist vein patterns.</em></p>
ArticlesHand-wrist identificationInfrared vein imagingFeature extractionSurfingShaimaa Khudhair SalahAhmed Othman Khalaf Fadhil Hanoon Abbood
Copyright (c) 2023 Shaimaa Khudhair Salah, Ahmed Othman Khalaf , Fadhil Hanoon Abbood
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2023-07-292023-07-29141910.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.7.2Using Deep Learning Neural Networks to Enhance HDR Images
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/681
<p><em>In recent days, photography becomes main in our daily life style. Everyone like to upload images on facebook, instagram, or any social media site, or maybe want to photograph some personal images or for memory.</em></p> <p><em>In other hand, the development of technology, especially in cell phones, let these mobiles equipped with cameras with a specific resolution. We define cameras with two parameters. First one is the width and the high of the image which can define the number of pixels inside the image, the bigger these pixels can be the accuracy and true scene can get. The second in the resolution of the pixel which means how many bits are used to define the colors of the image.</em></p> <p><em>All natural images have a wide dynamic range because of containing a large range of intensity values. This high range cannot be collected using non-HDR cameras. So, mobile cameras might give very bad resolutions</em><em>.</em></p> <p><em>This search aims to use conventional neural networks to create HDR images using a programmed manner so we can solve the problem of poor cameras problems, first of all we will create a map for an image using a dataset of static images has a different light intensities for the same scene (using differently exposed LDR images), and in the next task we will use the trained model to get the optimal tuning for the image to result in the right color space. Here we could select a group of main parameters which are the number of learning tasks, the learning strategies, the sensor data used, number of input exposures.</em></p>
ArticlesDeep Learning Neural NetworksHDR imageslight intensityAhmed Hasan khanjar
Copyright (c) 2023 Ahmed Hasan khanjar
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2023-05-282023-05-2811110.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.5.1Comparable study of metaheuristic algorithms in path planning
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/676
<p><em>Water is the main and the most important human life requirement. for that, governments work to feed population gatherings. So, it is important to take into care the size of water tanks and pipes to achieve the best reliability for the water distribution systems.</em></p> <p><em>In global, the distribution network consumes 60 percent of the all costs of the water distribution system. So for this, we must get the best and the optimum construction of the network as a function of profit to get the best reliability to save a high amount of money.</em></p> <p><em>In recent works, studies depend on the optimization of the network using the reliability of the network by solving the non-linear hydraulic equations which are very difficult and need a long time to get the best result. So, studies head into the reliability of the network to have the best profit at the minimum cost. This model was developed to a full risk management system to prevent any error in the network and give a good management support program.</em></p> <p><em>This study aims to create a model using MATLAB to give the best solution for the water network distribution system which gives the best solution with a minimum cost.</em></p> <p> </p>
ArticlesGenetic algorithmHarmonic algorithmTABU searchAhmed Hasan khanjar Mohammed Ali majeed hammed
Copyright (c) 2023 Ahmed Hasan khanjar, Mohammed Ali majeed hammed
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2023-04-192023-04-1911410.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.4.1Study of Infant Health Care using IoT Devices: Future Scope and Challenges
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/675
<p><em> The IoT is quickly emerging as the most revolutionary exciting technology available today. It is a computer procedure in which sensors are used to create or support communication. IoT has become particularly effective in the healthcare sector in recent years, helping to raise the standard of patient care. Giving every member health help is crucial because health problems are becoming more prevalent. Due to their hectic lives, people today often neglect to take care of their health. Some individuals don't even care for their health. The patient's digital identification has been maintained by the healthcare system, which only recently began to communicate with IoT devices. Because mobile apps have increased doctor-patient communication, IoT in healthcare has been increasingly effective in recent years. Companies create these apps so that doctors can keep tabs on their patients' health. If any problems emerge, the doctor approaches the patient and provides the necessary treatment. Parents' top worry is that their children will pass away at any moment; hence this thesis lays a specific emphasis on neonatal healthcare. Therefore, the traditional approaches to baby care are first explored in this thesis. The patient's health can then be monitored using an experimental setup that is then designed and put into action. A commercial product that continuously monitors a baby's heartbeat, oxygen levels and sleeping position has been found during this evaluation. If the infant has any issues, the information will get to the smartphone application, which was developed by a company and sold. The recorded data is then examined by conducting a sample field test on a baby. The mobile device receives data after analysis, and with help of a base station, processes it.</em></p>
ArticlesHealth careInternet of ThingsSmart homeReview ArticleHiba Salah Mahdi
Copyright (c) 2023 Hiba Salah Mahdi
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2023-02-192023-02-191910.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.2.1Brain Tumor Diagnosis using Machine Learning: A Review
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/673
<p>Recently, early brain tumor diagnosis has grown in importance as a study area recently. The patient's rate of survival rises with early tumor detection for primary treatment. Because of the high processing overhead caused by the enormous volume of image input to the processing system, processing magnetic resonance images (MRI) for the early detection of tumors presents a problem. This led to a significant delay and a decline in system effectiveness. As a result, recently, there has been an increased requirement for an improved detection system for precise representation and segmentation for accurate and faster processing. The latest literature has suggested the creation of novel methods depending on enhanced processing and learning for the detection of brain tumors. This essay provides a succinct overview of MRI-related advancements. The machine learning (ML) algorithms' capacity for fine processing and learning has shown an enhancement in the efficiency and accuracy of processing for the detection of a brain tumor in existing automation systems. Restrictions, advantages, and outlook for the future regarding the present approaches for computer-aided diagnostics (CAD) in the detection of brain tumors are discussed, along with current advances in automation related to brain tumor detection. In the presented study, we explore the history of numerous methods that have been put forth to image brain tumors across a variety of domains.</p> <p> </p>
Review ArticleMagnetic Resonance Image Machine Learning Neural Network Support Vector Machine Convolutional Neural Network Sally Ali Abdulateef
Copyright (c) 2023 Sally Ali Abdulateef
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2023-03-192023-03-191510.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.3.1 Application of Quality Function Deployment for the Design & Development of Consumer Cosmetic Packaging Bottle
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/672
<p><em>The purpose of this research is to be able to provide alternative product design updates that are acceptable to consumers. The method to be used is the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) approach. QFD is a structured product planning and development method, to clearly determine the desired consumer needs and then carry out systematic calculations, ultimately producing products that can satisfy consumers. The results of this study obtained the highest rating value was the technical response of the packaging design with a value of 400.00, then in second place with a value of 162.96 namely the strength of the packaging material, the selection of packaging materials, and the quality of packaging.</em></p> <p> </p>
ArticlesProduct DesignQuality Function Deployment InnovationSustainabilityAdriyani OktoraUly Amrina
Copyright (c) 2023 Adriyani Oktora, Uly Amrina
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2023-02-192023-02-19101710.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.2.2Prediction of Continuous Rainfall-Runoff Scenarios for Snow-Fed Watershed of Himachal Pradesh, India using Geographical Information System GIS based on Hydrological Modelling
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/670
<p><em>Rainfall runoff modeling is one of the most complex hydrological modeling due to the involvement of different watershed physical parameters. It is essential for the analysis of watershed hydrological response towards the received precipitation under the influence of watershed variables. As it is a replica of watershed hydrological response, Rainfall-Runoff modeling is essential to evaluate the general characteristics of total surface runoff at catchment’s outlet. The main objective of this study was prediction of rainfall runoff using Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System [HEC-HMS] model for Rampur watershed which was covered in Kullu and Shimla districts situated at Upper Sutlej sub-basin of Himachal Pradesh, India. Geo-spatial data of Digital Elevation Model,LandUse-LandCover (LU-LC) map, Soil map and Hydro-meteorological data of rainfall were collected from different open source web portals to utilise as input parameters for modeling. Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) for precipitation loss modeling, Soil Conservation Service–Dimensionless Unit Hydrograph [SCS-UH] for transform modeling, Muskingum method for Runoff routing were used as input parameters of respective components of HEC-HMS model. This article proposes a methodology for generating hourly rainfall data from daily rainfall data using Intensity-Duration-Frequencycurves in Meteorological model of HMS. The simulation results of runoff with 5 different return period scenarios are follows the return period frequency tendency, such as 1000 year return period runoff peak delivers 4729.5 m<sup>3</sup>/s, 500 year return period delivers a peak runoff of 4263.9 m<sup>3</sup>/s, 100 year return period gives a peak runoff of 3196.5 m<sup>3</sup>/s, 50 year return period runoff deliver 2745.3 m<sup>3</sup>/s and 10 year return period deliver 953.7 m<sup>3</sup>/s runoff at the outlet of Rampur watershed.</em></p>
ArticlesHydro MeteorologicalHydrographRunoffSoil Conservation Service-Curve NumberWatershedKamuju Narasayya
Copyright (c) 2023 Kamuju Narasayya
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2023-01-192023-01-1911210.31695/IJERAT.2023.9.1.1Longterm Urban Management strategies to the Growth of Nigerian Urban Cities
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/666
<p><em>Urban Management concept is very important in urban planning and development of every city. However, the scope is more complex and wide. Each scope of activity not only competes with each other, but also suffers from internal contradictions; environment, urban land services, infrastructure and economic development. Therefore this paper tries to unlock the concept ‘Why’ and ‘How’ the theory and practice assign priority to the problems of urban management growth. This was done through exploring literature on meaning, the definition of terms and understanding the concept, scope, process, urban service indicators and benchmark of selected urban services, the role of stakeholders and the requirement of good urban management.</em><em> Taking the view that the typical fundamental purposes of managing urban settlements are to increase urban productivity and improve living conditions, particularly for the poor, in sustainable ways, and that management is the continuous exercise of responsibility to achieve these goals,</em></p>
ArticlesUrban ManagementConceptGrowthLong-Term.Haruna Baba BwalaIbrahim MuhammadNabiha Auwal Aliyu
Copyright (c) 2022 Haruna Baba Bwala, Ibrahim Muhammad, Nabiha Auwal Aliyu
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2022-12-202022-12-201810.31695/IJERAT.2022.8.11.1An analysis of R&D Expenditure and Innovations (Product & Process) by SMEs and its impact on performance
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/664
<p><em>The paper deals with a recent research study on the impact relation of R&D expenses and product/process innovations by SMEs on performance. SMEs contribute 42% of industrial production. Many SMEs are resorting to any subcontract work like build to print. However, OEMs and R&D organizations involving SMEs have been encouraging SMEs to be partners in R&D and innovations for product innovation to develop processes. While it is understood that R&D is engine for growth in this study. R&D expenses, product, and process impact on the performance of growth in sales and growth in profitability.</em></p>
ArticlesPerformance of SMEsR&D expenditureProduct innovationProcess innovationsProfitabilityEngineering Sectors.Naveen SC G Krishnadas Nair
Copyright (c) 2022 Naveen S, Dr. C G Krishnadas Nair
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2022-12-202022-12-2091610.31695/IJERAT.2022.8.11.2Smartphone Inertial Sensors Applications in Medical Care Field: A Comprehensive Review
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/661
<p>Sensors of various types are built into the majority of current smartphones each with a distinct function that aids the device's performance. Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) inertial sensors, such as gyroscopes (gyros) and accelerometers, are built into smartphones. These embedded inertial sensors have improved user experience and accelerated smartphone development and it can be used to detect events or collect information about human activities. Additionally, machine learning algorithms applied to smartphone sensor data could have a wide range of uses in entertainment, health care, finance, and other fields. There have been massive financial gains when a smartphone is utilized to provide telemedicine and remote healthcare assistance. This paper provides a brief overview of all the recent work that has been done in the medical care field by utilizing inertial navigation sensors, gyroscopes and accelerometers, whether the inertial sensors were used together or separately. The goal of this review is to outline the most recent trends in four topics. First, we'll go over fall detection systems released by research publications. Second, we'll go over the most recent scholarly papers on human activity monitoring systems that have been published. Third, we’ll review the most recently released research publications on epilepsy detection. Last, we’ll look over the recently released papers on Parkinson’s disease. This work also includes some important applications that use external inertial sensors for comparison purposes.</p>
Review ArticleInertial Navigation SensorsFall DetectionEpilepsy DetectionHuman Activity RecognitionParkinson’s diseaseDouaa Abdul hameed IbrahimDr. Saad A. Makki
Copyright (c) 2022 Douaa Abdul hameed Ibrahim, Dr. Saad A. Makki
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2022-10-172022-10-17172410.31695/IJERAT.2022.8.10.3Vehicle Detection and Classification System Based on Magnetic Sensors: A Review
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/658
<p>In an Intelligent Transportation System, vehicle identification and categorization (VIC) from a moving platform is critical (ITS). VIC is input into traffic control and management systems. Due to a variety of circumstances such as different types of cars, vehicles with nearly identical qualities having unique classes, and so on, in congested traffic, vehicle identification and classification is still a challenge. When compared to different sensors, the magnetic sensor has great implementation potential in the vehicle detection sector Because of its high sensitivities and lightweight. This paper aims to discuss how the magnetic characteristics of Vehicles can be used to detect and classify vehicles. First, a brief operating principle and properties of the most commonly used magnetic sensors are reviewed. This paper also reviewed the most recent applications, implementations, and research in using the magnetic sensor to detect and identify vehicles, as well as classify and determine Vehicle speeds.</p>
Review ArticleIntelligent Transportation SystemMagnetic FieldMagnetic SensorsVehicle DetectionVehicle ClassificationRanya Ahmed kateebDr. Saad A. Makki
Copyright (c) 2022 Ranya Ahmed kateeb, Dr. Saad A. Makki
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2022-10-172022-10-17111610.31695/IJERAT.2022.8.10.2Development of Adaptive Tracking using Advance Filter and Selection Features Method
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/651
<p>Recently, Kalman filter (KF)-based algorithms of tracking had demonstrated to be effective However, their efficiency is limited by fixed feature selections and the possibility of model drift. In the presented research, we offer a new adaptive feature selection-based tracking approach that maintains the KF’s excellent discriminating power . Depending on scores of confidence regarding features in every one of frames, the suggested approach might select (automatically) either SIFT feature or the colour feature for the tracking . With a use of KF, a response map related to the SIFT features and color features are retrieved first . The color features that distinguish the luminance from the color are extracted using the Lab color space . Second, the average peak-to-correlation energy is used for the determination of the confidence region and the target's possible location . Finally, a total of 3 criteria have been utilized in order to choose the appropriate feature for present frame in order to execute adaptive tracking . On OTB benchmark datasets, the experimental findings show that the suggested tracker performs better in comparison with other state-of-art techniques</p>
ArticlesFeature SelectionKalman FiltersObject DetectionObject TrackingIkhlas Watan Ghindawi Lamyaa Mohammed Kadhim
Copyright (c) 2022 Ikhlas Watan Ghindawi , Lamyaa Mohammed Kadhim
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2022-10-172022-10-1711010.31695/IJERAT.2022.8.10.1Effect of Process parameters on Linear Friction welding of Commercial Grade Pure Aluminum
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/650
<p><em>This paper investigated the effects of process parameters such as burn off distance, oscillating frequency, and forging pressure on linear friction welding of commercially pure aluminium. Friction welding (FW) techniques are a group of techniques that are based on frictional heat between components that occurs during movement while under pressure. Linear Friction welding is a solid-state process in which one part moves in a linear fashion at high speed and presses against another part that is held stationary. Linear friction welding (LFW) is a very well specialized technology used by global gas turbine engine manufacturers to create bladed disc assemblies.</em> <em>The sample bar with a cross section of 25mmx25mmx140mm was used for the experimental testing. The results were obtained by maintaining amplitude and frequency at 1.5mm and 40Hz, respectively, and forging pressure at 10MPa, 15MPa, and 20MPa. It is observed that, Lower HAZ. Burn-off distance grew as forging pressure increases with time.</em></p>
ArticlesBurn-off distanceForging OperationFriction weldinglinear friction weldingAdityan RV. S. MudakappanavarG. R. Gurunagendra
Copyright (c) 2022 Adityan R, V. S. Mudakappanavar, G. R. Gurunagendra
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2022-09-142022-09-141710.31695/IJERAT.2022.8.9.1Subject Review: Hand Vascular Pattern Technology
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/649
<p><em>Vein recognition systems are a form of biometric recognition that can distinguish people according to their vascular structure. Identification from hand-wrist vein pattern is one of these systems. In this study, hand-wrist vein images taken from people using an infrared light source with a wavelength of 850 nm were segmented by passing through various image processing algorithms. Scale-independent feature transformation (SURF) method was used for key point extraction from segmented images. The features obtained by the SURF method are rotation, camera angle, ambient light intensity, etc. This method has been preferred because it is invariant against situations. In the identification process, the Euclidean distance method was used by making use of the extracted key points. The accuracy rate was determined as 97% as a result of the matching processes using the hand-wrist vein patterns in the database.</em></p>
ArticlesHand-wristAuthenticationInfrared vein imagingFeature extractionShaimaa Khudhair Salah Ahmed Othman Khalaf
Copyright (c) 2022 Shaimaa Khudhair Salah , Ahmed Othman Khalaf
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2022-08-122022-08-1271110.31695/IJERAT.2022.8.8.2Subject Review: Image Processing Techniques for Object Tracking in Video Surveillance
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/648
<p>The article is devoted to real-time algorithms for detecting events described by four scenarios: movement in a forbidden direction, being in a sterile zone, leaving (stealing) an object, throwing an object. The main idea of the algorithms is the analysis of the trajectories of moving objects, for which two different approaches are proposed in the article.</p>
ArticlesDigital Image ProcessingVideo AnalyticsVideo Surveillance SystemsObject DetectionObject TrackingAhmed Othman KhalafShaimaa Khudhair Salah
Copyright (c) 2022 Ahmed Othman Khalaf, Shaimaa Khudhair Salah
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2022-08-122022-08-12121910.31695/IJERAT.2022.8.8.3Implementation and analysis of Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) methodology in Tube Welding Machine Productivity at PT Denso Indonesia
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/647
<p><em>An automotive manufacturer is known PT Denso Indonesia. Due to the various losses that occurred in the Tube Welding Radiator Machine, PT Denso Indonesia saw a decline in the volume of production while creating its products. Evaluating the efficiency of the Tube Welding Radiator Machine production process is vital in order to identify and reduce any losses that may arise. This study's objectives are to assess the Tube Welding Machine's efficiency using the Overall Equipment Efficientness (OEE) method, compute the cost of six major losses, pinpoint their causes using Fishbone Analysis, offer suggestions for improvement, and then put those suggestions into practice to raise the Tube Welding Machine's efficiency. The average value of the measurement findings for the Tube Welding Radiator machine's Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) value is 83.16 percent. Reduced speed losses resulting from the time lost during the production process account for the largest loss time when the six major losses are measured. Making jig-centering material and converting regular water to RO water allowed for advancements. Additionally, businesses must quickly replace any parts on the tube welding radiator machine that are already irregular..</em></p>
ArticlesTotal Productive MaintenancePerformance RateSix Big LossesOverall Equipment EffectivenessSakti Aji Lesmana
Copyright (c) 2022 Sakti Aji Lesmana
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2022-08-122022-08-12203110.31695/IJERAT.2022.8.8.4Study and Comparison of Replacement Algorithms
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/644
<p><em>When a page fault occurs, the operating system has to choose a page to remove from memory to make room for the page that has to be brought in. The page replacement is done by swapping the required pages from backup storage to main memory and vice-versa. When a new page needs memory for allocation, page replacement algorithms decide which pages to swap out of the memory. In this paper, a comparison and analysis of five replacement algorithms: First in First out (FIFO), Least Recently Used (LRU), Clock, </em><em>Most Recently Used algorithm (MRU), </em><em>and Optimal Page Replacement (OPT) are made.</em></p>
ArticlesPage ReplacementPage faultReplacement AlgorithmClockSafana Hyder AbbasWedad Abdul Khuder NaserLamyaa Mohammed Kadhim
Copyright (c) 2022 Safana Hyder Abbas, Wedad Abdul Khuder Naser, Lamyaa Mohammed Kadhim
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2022-08-122022-08-121610.31695/IJERAT.2022.8.8.1Simulation Modelling of Roof Design of Indonesian Airport Terminal For Optimal Utilization of Cooling Energy
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/636
<p><em>The airport terminal is one of buildings with complex energy needs. Most of the airport terminals in Indonesia are designed with regional architectural features, such as pitched or joglo roofs and exterior wall materials made of brick with paint finish. The new airport is designed with modern architectural characteristics with flat and curved roofs and outer walls made of Aluminum Composite Panel (ACP). The difference of shape, material, and the size of fenestration affects the thermal performance of the building and affects the cooling energy used.</em> <em>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of roof designs on airport terminals in Indonesia that have different characteristics on the use of cooling energy. The effect of roof design on cooling energy analyzed by using Design Builder simulation. The simulation results show that the combination of red tile</em><em> pitched</em><em> roof and flat concrete roof with insulation in airport terminal building with Indonesian characteristics has the lowest cooling energy performance.</em></p>
ArticlesAirportBuilding EnvelopeCooling EnergyRoof DesignSimulation ModellingKristina BasukiI Gusti Ngurah AntaryamaFX Teddy Badai Samodra
Copyright (c) 2022 Kristina Basuki, I Gusti Ngurah Antaryama, FX Teddy Badai Samodra
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2022-07-222022-07-22172210.31695/IJERAT.2022.8.7.3Development of Hybrid Based Lossless Iris Image Compression Technique
https://ijerat.com/index.php/ijerat/article/view/635
<p><em>The biometric iris recognition is the most popular method and is extended successfully in use, but unfortunately, a large number of data bits are exhausted when stored that implicitly affecting the transmission bandwidth and a compression solution is urgently required based on removing redundancy(s).</em></p> <p><em>In this paper a simple hybrid image compression scheme is proposed, it is based on using two techniques of polynomial coding and Fourier transform coding to efficiently encoded lossless. The test results of the suggested method showed that improved of compression performance is achieved with an identically based reconstruction image.</em></p> <p><em>Key Words: </em><em>Iris</em> <em>image compression, Zipper</em><em> transform,</em> <em>Image processing,</em><em> Polynomial coding, and Hybrid coding.</em></p>
ArticlesIris image compressionZipper transformImage processingPolynomial codingHybrid codingRasha Talib GdeebGhadah Al-KhafajiNoor Ali J
Copyright (c) 2022 Rasha Talib Gdeeb, Ghadah Al-Khafaji, Noor Ali J
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2022-07-222022-07-22111610.31695/IJERAT.2022.8.7.2